You can execute TCODE SE11 and see more details of each table,
Table Name Description
TOBJ Authorization Objects
TACT Activities which can be Protected
TACTZ Valid Activities for each authorization object
TDDAT Maintenance Areas for tables
TSTCSAP Transaction Codes
TPGP ABAP/4 Authorization groups
USOBT Relation transaction > Authorization Object
USOBX Check table for table USOBT
USOBT_C Relation Transaction > Auth. Object (Customer)
USOBX_C Check table for table USOBT_C
Authorization Check Report in SAP
RSABAPSC - Authorization -Check Command Objects
To know all the Authorization-Check command objects used in any Transaction/Program
Report RSABAPSC is useful in finding the Authorization check command objects used in any Program/ Function Module/ Transaction.
This is helpful in finding the objects either not listed in SU24 and also in case of customer developed programs.
Steps:
1. Run the report RSABAPSC in SE38. And enter the desired Program/ Function Module/ Transaction code in the appropriate field and Execute.
example for report RFITEMAR
2. The result specifies all the Authorization Checks used in the code.
To know all the Authorization-Check command objects used in any Transaction/Program
Report RSABAPSC is useful in finding the Authorization check command objects used in any Program/ Function Module/ Transaction.
This is helpful in finding the objects either not listed in SU24 and also in case of customer developed programs.
Steps:
1. Run the report RSABAPSC in SE38. And enter the desired Program/ Function Module/ Transaction code in the appropriate field and Execute.
example for report RFITEMAR
2. The result specifies all the Authorization Checks used in the code.
Handling roles easily in SAP
Use Download/ Upload feature:
While running PFCG, Type the name of the desired role, and from the Role menu on the top, you can use Download or Upload:
• Download: will create a file in the local machine. This will save all of the settings of that role, including the T-Codes and values at object level in the profile generator.
• Upload: will upload into the SAP system, the previously saved role. You might be required to attach Users in this role and generate the profile once again.
You can use these features in cases:
• If you want to have a backup of role before making changes,
• Or you need to create the same role in a different client or different system. It will reduce the efforts of creating new role or transporting the role.
Easy comparison of roles (PFUD):
Many times the Role Comparison (Profile match up) is required after the transport of roles. One usually does it from PFCG for each role individually.
While running PFCG, Type the name of the desired role, and from the Role menu on the top, you can use Download or Upload:
• Download: will create a file in the local machine. This will save all of the settings of that role, including the T-Codes and values at object level in the profile generator.
• Upload: will upload into the SAP system, the previously saved role. You might be required to attach Users in this role and generate the profile once again.
You can use these features in cases:
• If you want to have a backup of role before making changes,
• Or you need to create the same role in a different client or different system. It will reduce the efforts of creating new role or transporting the role.
Easy comparison of roles (PFUD):
Many times the Role Comparison (Profile match up) is required after the transport of roles. One usually does it from PFCG for each role individually.
RFC INTERFACE IN SAP
A Remote Function Call is a call of a function module that is running in a different system to the calling program. You can also call a function module in the same system as an RFC; however, RFCs are usually used when the calling and called function modules are running in different systems.
In the SAP system, the RFC interface system provides this function. The RFC interface system allows function calls between two SAP systems or between an SAP system and an external (non-SAP) system.
RFC is an SAP interface protocol that is based on the Common Programming Interface for Communication (CPI-C) and allows cross-host communication between programs.
This means that ABAP functions can be called from external applications and tools, and that external applications can be called from the SAP system.
RFC means that the ABAP programmer does not have to write his or her own communication routines. For an RFC call, the RFC interface
• Converts all parameter data to the format required in the remote system
• Calls the communication routines that are required to communicate with the
remote system
• Handles errors that occur during the communication
• Calls the communication routines that are required to communicate with the
remote system
• Handles errors that occur during the communication
The RFC interface is easy for the ABAP programmer to use. The processing steps for calling external programs are integrated into the CALL FUNCTION command.
To call a function module on a remote system, you must define the remote system as a destination in your calling system. You also require access authorization for the remote system.
To call a function module on a remote system, you must define the remote system as a destination in your calling system. You also require access authorization for the remote system.
You can administer these remote connections in the calling system. To do this, call the Display and Maintain RFC Destinations screen, either by choosing the menu path
Tools → Administration → Administration → Network → RFC Destinations or by
calling transaction SM59 directly.
The connection types and all existing destinations display in a tree structure on the initial screen. For details about all available connection types, see the documentation.
There is a search function for destinations that have already been set up. To search for a destination, choose Find and enter your selection. The system displays a list of all matching entries. You can display all available information for each entry.
Difference between Implementation, Configuration & Customization in SAP
Implementation: implementation is the whole process that defines a complete method to implement the SAP ERP Software in an organisation. The SAP solution comes pre-configured meaning that in theory a company needs to merely set up master data (e.g. material, customer, vendor, pricing records etc) in the SAP system and start Transacting on the new system. This however rarely happens; as all companies are different in some way so normally the standard settings are copied and modified as per need.
Configuration: It is done through existing parameter and Functionalities available in SAP. All we do in configuration is sync the system with the company process so that system could perform as per the business requirement, and configuration is done utilizing the existing SAP structure and functionalities.
Customization: Basically customization involves developers, if we need to make a configuration that is not supported by SAP default functionalities then with the help of ABAPer new features are added to meet the business requirement. These changes are normally outlined on what’s called a functional spec, which is usually written by the responsible functional consultant.
Customization can be costly and can complicate future upgrades to the software because the code changes/modifications may not easily migrate to the new version.
Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication in SAP
Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication
Communication between two systems can be basically split into two types: Synchronous and asynchronous communication. Both forms of communication have specific advantages and disadvantages, relating to either the business application or the system administration.
Synchronous Communication
Synchronous communication uses a single function call. Prerequisite for this is that at the time the call is made (or the message is sent), the receiving system is also active and can accept the call and further process it if necessary.
Advantage: Synchronous communication can be implemented in function calls that require the immediate return of data to the sender system.
Disadvantage: You need to ensure that both systems are active and can be contacted. If they are not, this can lead to serious disruption of processes. In particular, problems can arise if the receiving system is not available for long periods of time due to maintenance (for example, for a system upgrade).
Asynchronous Communication
For asynchronous communication, the receiving system does not necessarily have to be available at the time a function call is dispatched from the sender system. The receiving system can receive and process the call at a later time. If the receiving system is not available, the function call remains in the outbound queue of the sending system, from where the call is repeated at regular intervals until it can be processed by the receiving system.
· Advantage: The receiving system does not have to be available at the time the function call is made. If the system is unavailable for a long period of time, for example, for an upgrade, it can still process the data that has been sent in the interim at a later time, and processes in the sending system remain unharmed.
Disadvantage: Processes that require an immediate response to the sender system cannot be executed using this method.
How to change Software Deployment Manager(SDM) password
Change Software Deployment Manager(SDM) password
1.goto to the path /usr/sap/SID/CI/SDM/program at OS level
and stop SDM server first to reset the password
/.StopServer.sh
2. Then start SDM in standalone mode
:sdzadm 65> ./sdm.sh jstartup "mode=standalone"
Starting '/opt/IBMJava2-amd64-142/bin/java' '-Xmx512M' -jar '/usr/sap/SDZ/DVEBMGS35/SDM/program/bin/SDM.jar' jstartup 'sdmhome=/usr/sap/SDZ/DVEBMGS35/SDM/program' mode=standalone
Starting SDM - Software Deployment Manager...
tc/SL/SDM/SDM/sap.com/SAP AG/7.0106.20091119090254.0000
Initializing Network Manager (53517)
Checking if another SDM is running on port 53518
Operationmode for JStartupFramework set to "standalone".
Successfully executed. Return code: 0
3. Now change SDM password by below command
./sdm.sh changepassword “newpassword=PASSWORD”
4.After changing password change SDM mode to integrated mode
./sdm.sh jstartup "mode=integrated"
5. Now start SDM
./StartServer.sh
1.goto to the path /usr/sap/SID/CI/SDM/program at OS level
and stop SDM server first to reset the password
/.StopServer.sh
2. Then start SDM in standalone mode
:sdzadm 65> ./sdm.sh jstartup "mode=standalone"
Starting '/opt/IBMJava2-amd64-142/bin/java' '-Xmx512M' -jar '/usr/sap/SDZ/DVEBMGS35/SDM/program/bin/SDM.jar' jstartup 'sdmhome=/usr/sap/SDZ/DVEBMGS35/SDM/program' mode=standalone
Starting SDM - Software Deployment Manager...
tc/SL/SDM/SDM/sap.com/SAP AG/7.0106.20091119090254.0000
Initializing Network Manager (53517)
Checking if another SDM is running on port 53518
Operationmode for JStartupFramework set to "standalone".
Successfully executed. Return code: 0
3. Now change SDM password by below command
./sdm.sh changepassword “newpassword=PASSWORD”
4.After changing password change SDM mode to integrated mode
./sdm.sh jstartup "mode=integrated"
5. Now start SDM
./StartServer.sh
List All Company Code in the SAP System
You want to find and list all the available company code in the SAP system.
1. Execute Tcode SE16n and fill in the field as BKPF. Press F8 (or execute).
2.Now you Get All Company code listed in Your System!
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